starkey



(No Model.) 7 D. G. STARKEY.

APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MINERAL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.

No. 251,803. Patented Jan. 3,1882.

N. PETERS Fhulrrlillmgnuhcr, Waahmginn. n. c.

Usrra STATES DAVID G. STARKEY, OF NEYV YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MINERAL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 2251,2503, dated January 3, 1882. A pplicnlion tilt-d July 2;, 15B]. (No model.)

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID G. STARKEY, of the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Pulverizing Mineral and other Substances, of which the following is a specification.

A pnlverizing apparatus has heretofore been made in which compressed air issuing in tlte form of ajet has given momentum to the material to hurl it with violence against a stationary surface.

The object of my present invention is to increase the momentum of the substance and to prevettt the air intervening between the coneussion-plate and the material to be shattered and forming a cushion that lessens the eli'ectiveness of the impact. I also make use of centrifugal force to increase the velocity of the material that is being pulverized, and I bring steam into contact with such material, for a purpose hereinafter set forth.

in the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus complete. Fig. 2 is a section at the line :r LE, and Fig. 3 is an end view of thejet-nozzles.

The substance is supplied into a hopper, a from which thesameis drawn through a pipe, 7).

Around the pipe I) there is a chamber, (1, with a nozzle, 6, around the pipe I), and to this chamber air under asuflicient pressure is admitted, so that the issuingjet draws the material through the pipe I) and gives to it a high momentum as it conveys it through the pipe f. The parts thus far described I do not claim.

The material has more or less inertia, and cannot acquire a maximum velocity by the mere contact with the issuing air, and the material tends to retard the movement of the air. I therefore provide for still further accelerating the movement of the material by bringing into contact with it a second issuingjet of fluid to impart the utmost initial velocity possible. This I accomplish by placing a second chamber, g, around the pipe], with one or more jetpipes, i, that act upon the mineral or other substanccsjust as they are'issuing from such pipef.

I prefer and use tltree jet-nozzles of a V shape, passing partly into the pipe fand set at a forward inclination, and thus the jets of issuing fluid intersect the colutnn of grain or other material and air as it passes out of the said pipe], and every particle receives an additional momentum, so that when it strikes against the surface ofjmpact the velocity will be as great as it is practicable to attain.

The issuing fluid may be air; but I prefer and use steam, either ordinary steam as it issues from a boiler or steam superheated to any desired temperature, for the r ason that the steam expands as it issues, and it comes intimately into contact with both the air and the material to be shattered, it expands the air and augments its speed, and it; suddenly heats the substances, and at the same time the moisture from the steam serves to promote the subsiding of the fine particles after the shat tering operation takes place, and thus to lessen the waste that might otherwise take place from very fine particles floating off through the screens that are used to arrest the solid materials attd allow the air and fluids to pass oli". These screens are to be applied at a distance front the pulverizing apparatus. They are not shown in the drawings.

Another feature of my invention relates to acentrifugal concussion-plate, l, against which the material to be shattered is hurled. This plate I is at the end ofthe shaft at. its surface is ribbed or channeled radially, and hence as it is revolved at a high rate of speed the corrugations or offsets are moved across the path of the issuing air or fluid and materials to be shattered, and there is a grinding action resulting from changingdirection, and the particles are rolled over, and the air cannot form aeushion by its reaction neither can the portion of the solid substance thattirst strikes form a cushion for the other portions of the particles; neither can one particle form a cushion for another, because it is thrown off instantly by the centrifugal force, and the centrit'ugalaction augments the percussive and attrition action of thematerial. Theresultis thatthe force expended in revolving the concussion-plate is expended in a grinding or attrition action upon the substance to be pulverized.

more augment the aforesaid action by extending the centrifugal concussion plate in the form of eycloidal trunks 0 0, that receive the air, fluid, and shattered solid material and throw off the same against the impact-ring r,

I further that surrounds the centrifugal concussionplate. Said ring is stationary, and 'its interior surface may be either plain or corrugated. I prefer to use hardened steel or chilled castiron for'both the centrifugal concussion-plate and the impactring, so that they will be durable.

It will be evident that the centrifugal action augments the speed of the fluids as they pass oft'theconcussion-plateand carry with them the solid particles, because the cycloidal trunks o 0 act as blowers and draw the said substances from the center, and the action is compound of preventing accumulation of air against the concussion-plate and :ot'augment-ing the velocity of the material passing ofi' from the concussion-plate, so that it may be shattered by contact with the impact-ring 1', thus effecting in one apparatus the pulverization of the mineral or other substances.

It is to be understood that such material may he passed through the apparatus a second time; but usually this will be unnecessary.

it; is to be understood that the centrifugal commssion-plate might be revolved by a pulley and belt; but usually that will not be necessary, as the issuing currents of air, striking against the curved inclined surfaces of the target, set the same in rotation, and the speed will be very great, because the air acts near the center of the centrifugal concussion-plate, and hutlittle power is required to maintain the revolution. Hence the periphery of the cycloidal trunks will attain a greater velocity than the expanded air within the trunks, and the centrifugal action will be more potent than theair to hurl the particles against the stationary percussion-riug, because a greater speed will be given to the materials to be pulverized by the centrifugal act-ion than by the air alone.

The case t, that conveys away the air and pulverized material, may be of any desired shape. I have. shown it as conical, leading to a discharge-pipe.

1 do not claim a target within a chamber detaehably supported at its center, as the same had been made by others before my presentinvention.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in an apparatus for pulverizing mineral and other substances, ofa supply-pipe for such material, a nozzle for an issuing jet of air under pressure to impart an initial velocity, a straight tube leading from the first nozzle to the second nozzle, a second nozzle for fluid under pressure to issue in the same direction and augment the velocity of the material,.and a concussion-plate for the material to strike against, the second nozzle being employed between the first nozzle and the concussion-plate, substantially as set forth.

2. The method herein specified of shattering mineral and other substances, consisting in imparting an initial velocity to the material by an issuing jetoffluid, then augmenting that velocity by one or morejets of fluid, and then causing the material to strike upon a concussion-plate, substantially as set forth.

3. In a pnlverizinganachine, in combination with :mparatus for imparting to material to be pulverized a rapid movement by an issuing current of air or fluid, a revolving centrifugal concussion-plate, substantially as set forth.

4. In a pulverizing-machine, the centrifugal concussiondate and cycloidal trunks, in combination with the stationary percussion-ring, substantially as set forth.

5. The method herein specified ofshatt-ering mineral or other substances by imparting to the same an initial velocitybyair under pressure, and then bringing steam at a high temperature and velocity into contact with such material and the air to increase the velocity and heat the air, and then arresting such material against a target foritsdisintegration,substantially as specified.

Signed by me this 6th day of July, A. D. 1881.

D. G. S'IARKEY.

Witnesses: I

6150. T. PINCKNEY, WILLIAM G. Mora. 

